Development of Learning Achievement on Rectangles Using the KWDL Technique and the Grid-Counting Method through Simulation-Based Multimedia Instruction among Fourth-Grade Students

Abstract

This classroom action research aimed to develop Grade 4 students’ learning achievement in mathematics on the topic of rectangles by employing the KWDL technique together with the Grid-Counting Method through simulation and multimedia, with the achievement criterion set at 60%. The sample consisted of 35 Grade 4 students from the Demonstration School of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University (Elementary Level) in the first semester of the 2025 academic year, selected by cluster random sampling. The research instruments included lesson plans on rectangles integrating the KWDL technique, the Grid-Counting Method, simulation, and multimedia; multimedia materials consisting of concrete materials such as rectangle models and grid units, as well as technological media including the GeoGebra and Matific websites; and an achievement test on rectangles comprising 10 open-ended items. The data were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation, and the Index of Item Objective Congruence (IOC). The results revealed that the students’ post-learning achievement in mathematics on rectangles exceeded the 60% criterion, which was consistent with the research objectives. These findings indicate that learning management integrating the KWDL technique, the Grid-Counting Method, simulation, and multimedia can effectively enhance mathematics learning achievement among elementary school students.