INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIC MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH CONFERENCE ICBTSMILAN2026

Introduction Book

2026-03-21T13:41:03+07:00

Development of Massage Oil product from Bang Chang Chili

2026-03-21T13:44:23+07:00

This study aimed to develop a massage oil product from Bang Chang chili (Capsicum annuum var. acuminatum), a traditional cultivar native to Samut Songkhram province, Thailand . The chili samples were processed through drying, grinding, and extraction using two techniques : ethanol maceration and oil infusion. The extracted materials were incorporated into a massage oil formulation consisting of mineral oil, fragrance, and Tween 20 to enhance solubility and product stability. The results showed that both extraction methods produced chili extracts with distinct physi cal characteristics, with the oil infusion extract demonstrating superior compatibility with the carrier oil. The final product exhibited good homogeneity, color stability, and no phase separation during preliminary observations. Sensory evaluation indicated that the massage oil produced a mild warming sensation consistent with the known effects of capsaicin, contributing to muscle relaxation and potential pain relief. The findings highlight the potential of Bang Chang chili as a functional ingredient for t herapeutic and wellness applications and emphasize its value in promoting local herbal product development . Notably, the formulation approach corresponds with the patented Bang Chang Chili Massage Oil innovation (Thai petty patent no. 2503002168), underscoring its novelty and practical relevance . Further research is recommended to evaluate long-term stability, quantify capsaicinoid content, and assess clinical efficacy to support future commercialization.

Analysis of Gen AI Marketing Communications in Global Business

2026-03-21T13:49:07+07:00

The current global technological transformation has forced people worldwide to adapt to new lifestyles, leading to a need to be more mindful of their own health and that of those around them. This has led to product and service decisions, requiring the Internet as a business tool . Selling products and services through websites, social media, applications, an d various platforms requires marketing strategies that align with the new lifestyles of the digital marketing era, where technology plays a crucial role in everyday life. This includes convenient and fast communication, allowing us to connect with people a round the world and receive information simultaneously from anywhere . Furthermore, we can search for information, watch movies, listen to music, purchase products, and conduct various transactions using modern internet-connected devices. A survey by the International Telecommunications Union and the World Population Division of the United Nations found that the global population has internet access to 3,174 million people, compared to the total global population. This suggests that more than one-third of the world's population can connect to the Internet, and this number is steadily increasing, inevitably leading us to a digital society . This research aims to analyze data from various documents to present changes in marketing communications in this new era, including marketing formats and communication tools used in the digital age.

Antioxidant properites and development of liquid body soap containing pomelo (Citrus maxima Burm.f.) Merr.) peel extract

2026-03-21T13:52:10+07:00

This study aimed to (1) evaluate the antioxidant properties of pomelo peel extract, (2) develop a liquid body soap containing pomelo peel extract, and (3) assess user satisfaction with the formulated products . The pomelo peel extract exhibited potent antio xidant activity with an IC₅₀ value of 0 .49 ± 0.09 μg/mL, significantly lower than that of vitamin E (133.27 ± 13 .97 μg/mL). Four liquid soap formulations containing pomelo peel extract (0%, 1%, 3%, and 5 %) were produced and subjected to Stability testing under accelerated temperature cycling (4 °C and 40 °C). All formulations remained physically stable, with only minor changes in pH and viscosity . A Closed Patch Test on 20 volunteers revealed no signs of irr itation for any formulation, confirming dermatological safety . Consumer satisfaction scores ranged from 4 .0 to 4.2, with the 3 % extract formulation achieving the highest acceptance . The results indicate that pomelo peel extract is a promising natural antio xidant suitable for incorporation into stable, consumer-accepted liquid soap formulations.

Evaluation of Litsea petiolata Hook.f. (Lauraceae) as a repellent against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand

2026-03-21T13:54:12+07:00

Products of plant origin, with deterrents and repellents effects are now recognized as attractive alternatives to conventional personal protection for the management of mosquito vectors. This study was, therefore, carried out to evaluate the repellents mosquito-borne diseases potential of plant essential oils against the dengue vector, Aedes aegypti. Plant samples used for extraction of essential oils ( EO) , including stem ( SEO) , bark ( BEO) and flower ( FEO) of Litsea petiolata were collected from their natural environment in Pong Thewi village, Ban Pong sub - district, Wiang Pa Pao district, Chiang Rai provice, Thailand. The percentage yields of SEO, BEO and FEO oils obtained by steam distillation were 1. 85, 0. 65 and 1. 75 % , respectively, according to dry weight (v/w). The repellent efficacy against the laboratory strain of Aedes aegypti by using the human-bait technique of the WHO (1996) standard method, with slight modifications. In the repellent bioassays, FEO offered no repellency against Ae. aegypti, weak repellent activity was obtained from EO treatment, SEO complete protection of 0 . 5 hour. and BEO show complete protection of 1.0 hour. In conclusion, this study clearly demonstrated the promising potential of plant essential oils, particularly BEO of, which has the p ossibility of developing as into new natural repellents against mosquito vectors.

A Review of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Trigger Finger Treatment

2026-03-21T13:57:51+07:00

This study investigates the treatment of trigger finger using approaches in traditional Chinese medicine ( TCM). The objective was to examine the effectiveness of various therapeutic methods, including acupuncture, Tuina massage, Gua Sha therapy, moxibustion, and Chinese herbal medicine . A review article methodology was employed, gathering and analyzing research from reliable sources related to the treatment of trigger finger using TCM. The results revealed that acupunctu re combined with Gua Sha and Chinese herbal medicine effectively reduced pain, decreased inflammation, and improved finger function, particularly when integrated within a holistic treatment approach. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that TCM repr esents an effective alternative for the treatment of trigger finger and can be appropriately applied in conjunction with other treatment modalities.

Antioxidant and Chemical contents of Thai Traditional Cannabis Recipes: Sanan Tripop oil

2026-03-21T14:01:05+07:00

The present study investigated the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the Sanan Tripop oil recipe, a traditional Thai medicinal preparation historically used for the treatment of Kasai Lek, a condition characterized by abdominal pain, rigidit y, and digestive dysfunction . The oil was prepared from 17 medicinal plants, including Cannabis sativa, Ocimum spp., and Boesenbergia rotunda, extracted in sesame oil. Antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays and ferric reducing ability power (FRAP) assay, while phytochemical constituents, including total phenolics, flavonoids, chlorophylls, and carotenoids, were quantitatively analyzed. The results demonstrated weak antioxidant activity, with no observable effect in the DPPH assay (IC50 >1000 µg/mL) and low activity in the ABTS assay (IC50 = 825.04±24.65 µg/mL), also, FRAP value is 13 .24±0.78 mmol Fe 2+/100 g extract . Phytochemical analysis revealed total phenolics of 29 .38±1.15 mg GAE /g extract, total flavonoids of 90 .40±0.54 mg QE /g extract, total chlorophylls of 0 .08±0.00 mg/g extract, and total carotenoids of 0.03±0.00 mg/g extract. In conclusion, although the Sanan Tripop oil recipe exhibits limited free radical scavenging activity, its phytochemica l profile indicates potential for other bioactive effects, supporting the need for further pharmacological and in vivo investigations to clarify its therapeutic applications in integrative medicine.

Development, Stability Serum and Bio-Efficacy Evaluation of Garcinia mangostana L. Pericarp Extract

2026-03-21T14:03:09+07:00

Objective: This study aimed to create a new cosmetics serum formulated from mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) pericarp extract for beauty product purposes. Methods: Mangosteen pericarp was extracted with ethanol (1:10), extract were analyzed for total phenolic content and antioxidant assay using DPPH method . The composition of the serum was 1.5% ( w/w) extract, 5 % propylene glycol, 0 .8% hydroxyethyl cellulose, 0 .1% Glydant in water and the balance distilled water and /or disodium EDTA at 0 .1%. Complete testing encompassed physicochemical parameters, stability analysis. Results: The consistency of all six formulations was clear and smooth with a pH range of 4.44- 4.83 compatible for dermal administration . The serum successfully passed 5 freeze-thaw cycles, showing high stability . Biological efficacy tests indicated furthermore exceptional antioxidant activity (EC₅₀ = 0.05 ± 0.00 mg/mL), showing 0.2 times more potency than Vitamin C. The elastase inhibition activity (IC₅₀ = 0.913 ± 0.011 mg/mL) showed significant anti-aging potential by blocking elastin degradation. Conclusion: The serum containing mangosteen pericarp extract shows stability and extraordinary antioxidant and anti -aging activity, making it a candidate for potential commercial cosmetics development, especially for anti-aging and skin care products. The study advances the circular economy and supports sustainable development by converting waste streams from agriculture to innovative higher-value products.

The Effectiveness of Using Cold Herbal Compress for Knee Pain in Nakhon Chum Subdistrict, Mueang District, Kamphaeng Phet Province,Thailand

2026-03-21T14:05:45+07:00

The study on the use of cold herbal poultices for knee treatment aimed to investigate the effectiveness and satisfaction of using cold herbal poultices in individuals with knee pain. The research was a quasi -experimental study with a one -group pretest-posttest design, conducted with a sample of 31 participants. The research instrument used was a data recording form. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, knee range of motion, pain levels, and the Friedman test. After the first application of the herbal poultice, the knee range of motion was 38.4 degrees ± 2.23, and after the second application, it was 38.8 degrees ± 2.23. The Friedman test showed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). Pairwise comparisons using the Durbin-Conover method revealed a statistically significant difference in the range of moti on before and after applying the cold herbal poultice in both the first and second sessions (p < 0.001). Additionally, the analysis of the average pain levels showed that before using the herbal poultice, the pain level was 3 .96 ± 0 .892, after the first ap plication, it was 2 .79 ± 1 .15, and after the second application, it was 1 .02 ± 1 .10. Pairwise comparisons indicated a statistically significant reduction in pain levels after both the first and second applications of the herbal poultice (p < 0.001). Therefore, the use of cold herbal poultices has been shown to effectively reduce knee pain, improve range of motion, and is considered safe.

Association between Health Literacy and Office Syndrome Prevention Behaviors among University Students

2026-03-21T14:08:13+07:00

This analytical cross -sectional study examined the relationship between health literacy and office syndrome prevention behaviors among 332 university students in the College of Allied Health Sciences . Data were collected using a structured online questionnaire assessing demographic characteristics, six domains of health literacy, and prevention behaviors . Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and Pearson's correlation were applied. Most participants reported high daily screen exposure, and pr evention behaviors were predominantly at a moderate level . Significant differences across academic years were found in several health literacy domains, including access to information, knowledge and understanding, decision -making, and overall health litera cy. However, prevention behaviors did not differ by year of study . The overall association between total health literacy and prevention behaviors was weak and nonsignificant (r = 0.086, p = 0.117). Among individual domains, knowledge and understanding and self-management showed the strongest positive associations with preventive behaviors, while access to information alone did not predict action. These findings indicate that information exposure is insufficient to influence ergonomic practices without corresponding skills to interpret and apply health information. Strengthening practical competencies particularly comprehension, critical appraisal, and self -management may be more effective than information -focused approaches . Given the high prevalence of prolonged screen use, universities should prioritize health literacy programs that integrate applied ergonomic training and promote supportive environments to reduce office syndrome related risks among students.

Factors Related to Well-being of the Elderly in Rural Thailand

2026-03-21T14:10:42+07:00

This study was a cross- sectional descriptive study aimed at examining factors associated with the well- being of older adults in Thai communities. The sample consisted of 403 older adults aged 60 years and above residing in Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed with descriptive statistics and the Pearson correlation coefficient. The results indicated that the overall well-being of older adults was high (M = 4.01, SD = 0.68). Correlation analysis of age, income, chronic diseases, and leisure time for engaging in activities with well - being showed that age was positively associated with well - being ( r = 0. 430, p < 0. 001) , income was positively associated with well- being ( r = 0. 319, p < 0. 001), and leisure time for engaging in activities had a strong positive association with well- being ( r = 0. 636, p < 0. 001) . In contrast, chronic diseases were not significantly related to the well - being of older adults at the 0 . 05 significance level . These findings suggest that social engagement, participation in leisure activities, and adequate income are key contributors to maintaining well-being among older adults.

Emotional Intelligence and Constructive Conflict Management among Upper Secondary Students in Samut Songkhram Province

2026-03-21T14:17:42+07:00

This study aimed to investigate the influence of emotional intelligence on conflict management styles among upper secondary school students in Samut Songkhram Province . The objectives were to examine: (1) the level of emotional intelligence, (2) the styles of conflict management, and (3) the influence of emotional intelligence on students ' conflict management styles . The research was descriptive in nature . A total of 386 students were selected through proportional stratified sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics-mean and st andard deviation-as well as multiple regression analysis . The findings revealed that most students demonstrated a high level of emotional intelligence, particularly in the “skillful” dimension, followed by the “goodness” and “happiness” dimensions. The mos t commonly used conflict management style was competing, followed by avoiding, collaborating, compromising, and accommodating, respectively . Emotional intelligence was found to explain 0 .70% of the variance in conflict management styles . The study suggests that emotional intelligence alone may not significantly predict students ' conflict management preferences. Future research should examine other potential factors, such as personality traits, parenting styles, and mental well -being, to better understand th e determinants of conflict management behavior among adolescents.

GC-MS-Based Phytochemical Profiling and Antioxidant Activity of Tecoma stans Flowers

2026-03-21T14:20:59+07:00

This study analyzed the chemical constituents of Tecoma stans flower extracts using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and evaluated their antioxidant activity via DPPH and ABTS assays . Dried flowers were extracted with solvents of different polarities : hexane (TS-F-Hex), ethyl acetate (TS-F-EtOAc), and methanol (TS-F-MeOH). The methanol extract, the most polar solvent, gave the highest yield (52.75%). GC-MS analysis showed that methanol extract contained major polar compounds, including Glyceraldehyde, γ -Sitosterol, Stigmasterol, Dihydroxyacetone, and Vitamin E. Ethyl acetate extract contained Hydroxy-4,3'- dimethyl-bicyclohexyl-3,3'-dien-2-one, Cyclobut anecarboxylic acid decyl ester, and 2 - Cyclohexyl-hexan-2-ol, while hexane extract, a non -polar solvent, contained Pentacosane, Tetracontane, Tetradecanoic acid hexadecyl ester, and D -Limonene. Antioxidant tests showed that methanol extract had the highest activity in the DPPH assay (IC50 = 620.54 µg/mL), while ethyl acetate extract showed the highest activity in the ABTS assay (IC50 = 293.50 µg /mL). Hexane extract had the lowest activity (IC50 > 1000 µg /mL). Although all extracts were less active than Trolox (DPPH IC50 = 6.65 ± 0.12 µg/mL; ABTS IC50 = 7.87 ± 0.11 µg/mL), the results indicate that most active compounds are in polar extracts, especially methanol . These extracts could be further explored as sources of bioactive compounds for pharmaceutical s, dietary supplements, and related applications.

In-silico Analysis of THC/CBD-Responsive miRNA- Target Interactions and Pathway Associations in Humans

2026-03-21T14:23:48+07:00

Cannabinoids such as cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) exert diverse immunological and cellular effects, yet the post -transcriptional mechanisms underlying these responses remain insufficiently defined . Emerging evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) may mediate cannabinoid -induced regulatory changes; however, an integrated overview of cannabinoid -responsive miRNAs and their downstream targets is lacking . This study employed an in -silico framework to systematically identify miRNAs with altered expression following THC, CBD, or combined THC +CBD exposure . Fourteen cannabinoid - responsive miRNAs were curated from human studies and animal models wit h validated human orthologs . Predicted human mRNA targets were retrieved using TargetScan, incorporating canonical seed matches and weighted context++ scores, which were subsequently classified into high-, moderate-, and low-confidence interaction groups. Target genes associated with three major signaling pathways including NF-κB/TLR, JAK/STAT, and PI3K/AKT were selected for pathway -focused analysis . A total of 3 9 miRNA-mRNA interactions were identified, with the PI3K /AKT pathway receiving the highest inter action density . Network visualization in Cytoscape revealed miR -126-5p and miR -1972 as the primary central regulators, each targeting multiple components across NF-κB/TLR, JAK/STAT, and PI3K/AKT pathways. Key genes such as STAT1, STAT3, TLR4, IRAK1, IRAK4, and AKT emerged as prominent convergence points. This study provides a mechanistic framework linking THC- and CBD-responsive miRNAs to key inflammatory, immune, and survival pathways, offering a valuable foundation for guiding future molecular validation and the development of cannabinoid-based therapeutic applications.

Phytochemical Constituents and Antioxidant Potential of the Flower Extract of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza

2026-03-21T14:26:38+07:00

This study investigated the phytochemical composition and antioxidant potential of sequential solvent extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) obtained from the flowers of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza. The methanol extract yielded the highest amount of crude material, reflecting the abundance of polar constituents, whereas the ethyl acetate and hexane extracts produced substantially lower yields. GC-MS analysis revealed diverse chemical profiles across the three fractions, including sugars, furans, terpenoids, sterols, long - chain hydrocarbons, and several unidentified compounds, particularly in the semi-polar and polar extracts. Antioxidant activity assessed using DPPH and ABTS assays demonstrated a clear pol arity- dependent trend: the methanol extract exhibited the strongest radical-scavenging activity (IC₅₀ = 52.25 ± 0.35 and 28.07 ± 0.85 µg/mL), followed by the ethyl acetate extract, whereas the hexane extract showed minimal activity . These findings highligh t B. gymnorrhiza flowers as a promising natural source of antioxidant compounds, especially within the methanol fraction, and suggest that further structural elucidation of the unidentified metabolites could reveal additional bioactive molecules with potential therapeutic value.

Factors influencing the exercise behavior of working age individuals Mae Klong Subdistrict, Mueang Samut Songkhram District, Samut Songkhram Province

2026-03-21T14:30:01+07:00

This study employed a cross-sectional design to examine factors influencing exercise behavior among working -age individuals in Mae Klong Sub -district, Mueang Samut Songkhram District, Samut Songkhram Province . Data were collected from a sample of 394 participants using questionnaires . Descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, were used for data analysis, while predictors of exercise behavior were examined using Enter multiple regression analysis . The results showed that 33 .16% of participants were male, and most were aged 41 years or older (64.81%), followed by those aged 31- 40 years (8.73%). Regarding education level, most participants held a bachelor 's degree (30.13%). The majority were self-employed (30.89%), 63.50% reported having no underlying diseases, and 28.86% had a normal BMI. Reinforcing and enabling factors were found to have a statistically significant positive influence on exercise behavior. The model explained 42.10% of the variance in the dependent variable, suggesting that other unmeasured factors may further account for the remaining variation.

The Associated Factor of Happiness among Senior Citizens in Samut Songkham province, Thailand

2026-03-21T14:33:11+07:00

This cross -sectional study investigated the subjective well -being and its associated factors among 313 older adults residing in Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand. Data were systematically collected via questionnaires utilizing stratified random sampling and were subsequently analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson product-moment correlation. The sample consisted of 313 older adults (Mean age : 72.09 ± 8.14 years ). Key demographic characteristics indicated that the majority were male (56.87%), married (57.19%), and had attained a primary education level (56.23%). The median monthly income was 5,000 Baht (IQR = 6,000), and a large proportion (71.88%) reported no chronic health conditions. Furthermore, participants exhibited high functional independence (Mean ADL score: 17.98 ± 2.70) and generally moderate levels of self -efficacy (Mean: 27.17 ± 6.31), enabling factors (51.44%), and reinforcing factors (49.20%). The average happiness level (43.45%) was comparable to the national norm . Pearson correlation analysis identified that four factors were statistically significantly correlated with the happiness score (p < 0 .05): monthly income, self -efficacy score, enabling score, and reinforcing score. Achieving optimal subjective well-being among older adults necessitates an integrated, multi -level public health approach that strategically addresses key determinants, particularly econo mic stability and multi -faceted social support (family, community, and societal structures).

The Immediate Effects of Nam Prung Scented Lotion (Aromatherapy) on Heart Rate Variability and Stress Reduction

2026-03-21T14:35:41+07:00

Namprung Scented Lotion is a modern innovation derived from Namprung, an ancient Thai perfume traditionally used by members of the royal court. A total of 10 participants, targeting ages more than 18 years, who were tested using the Suan Prung Stress Test -20 (SPST-20) to assess perceived stress levels of tension is moderate to high . Participants applied the lotion behind both ears and inhaled the fragrance for 10 minutes. The tools for outcome measurement in this study consist of SPST-20 and heart rate variability-HRV. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to assess the average score on the outcome measurement . The results show a statistically significant between time points (P<0.05) the following: There was a statistically significant reduction in mean stress scores after using the product (x ̅(sd)pre=54.2(6.3), x ̅(sd)post=27.7(3.5)). Additionally, SDNN increased significantly from 62 .3 (31.5) to 114.8 (44.1), indicating improved parasympathetic nervous system activity and reduced stress levels.

The Immediate Effectiveness of Justicia Gendarussa (Kraduk Kai Dam) with Ginger Extract Spray on Improving Cervical Range of Motion in Patients with Upper Back Muscle Pain

2026-03-21T14:39:17+07:00

To determine the Immediate Effectiveness of Justicia Gendarussa ( Kraduk Kai Dam ) with Ginger Extract Spray on Improving Cervical Range of Motion in Patients with Upper Back Muscle Pain. The volunteers applied the Justicia gendarussa ( Kraduk Kai Dam ) with ginger extract spray to the bilateral shoulder and cervical muscles three times daily- morning, noon, and evening- and gently massaged the affected muscle areas for approximately 3 -5 minutes. When comparing the measurements before the application of the Kraduk Kai Dam-ginger spray with those obtained immediately after its ap plication, the findings indicated that the values at each time point decreased significantly ( p < 0 . 05). Additionally, cervical flexion showed a statistically significant reduction (p < 0.05).

Species Identification of Mansonia dives (Diptera: Culicidae) in Thailand using DNA barcoding

2026-03-21T14:41:15+07:00

Accurate mosquito species identification is essential for effective vector surveillance and disease control. Mansonia dives (Diptera: Culicidae) is a medically important mosquito species implicated in the transmission of filarial parasites such as Brugia malayi and Wuchereria bancrofti. Morphological identification of Mansonia species is often challenging due to overlapping diagnostic characteristics and intraspecific variation. This study aimed to confirm the species identity of Ma. dives in Thailand using DNA barcoding based on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Ten mosquito specimens morphologically identified as Ma. dives were collected from Koh Kood District, Trat Province, and subjected to DNA extraction, PCR amplification, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis . Sequence comparisons with two international databases , including GenBank and the Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD), revealed 99 .69-100 % similarity with reference Ma. dives sequences. Phylogenetic analysis based on the neighbor-joining method showed all specimens clustering within the Ma. dives clade, closely related to Ma. bonneae, Ma. uniformis, and Ma. annulifera. These results confirm that DNA barcoding provides a reliable, precise, and reproducible molecular tool for identifying Ma. dives and differentiating it from closely related species . The findings support the integration of DNA barcoding into routine mosquito surveillance to enhance taxonomic accuracy and strengthen vector monitoring programs in Thailand.

Species Diversity of Mosquito Vectors in Khok Ket Village, Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand

2026-03-21T14:43:12+07:00

Mosquitoes are important vectors of several human diseases, including malaria, filariasis, dengue fever, chikungunya, and Japanese encephalitis. Understanding the species diversity and distribution of mosquito vectors is crucial for effective surveillance and control . This study investigated the species diversity of mosquito vectors in Khok Ket Village, Plai Phongphang Subdistrict, Am phawa District, Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand . Mosquitoes were collected using BG light traps baited with dry ice from April to May 2023 and identified morphologically under a stereomicroscope using standard taxonomic keys . A total of 221 mosquitoes w ere collected and classified into 11 species . The most abundant species were Anopheles tessellatus (31.67%), a suspected secondary vector of malaria and filariasis; Anopheles hyrcanus group (An. paraliae / An. pursati) (17.19%), a potential malaria vector; and Culex gelidus (14.93%), a vector of Japanese encephalitis . Species diversity indices revealed a Dominance Index (D) of 0.18, a Simpson Index of 0 .82, a Shannon Index of 1 .95, a Margalef Richness of 1.85, and an Evenness of 0 .64, indicating moderate species diversity and richness in the study area. These findings highlight the potential risk of mosquito -borne disease transmission in Samut Songkhram Province and provide essential baseline data to support public health authorities in developing effective vector surveillance and control strategies.

Factors Associated with Health Literacy Among Elderly People with Hypertension in Ban Prok Subdistrict, Mueang Samut Songkhram District, Samut Songkhram Province

2026-03-21T14:48:35+07:00

This study uses a cross-sectional descriptive approach. The objectives are as follows: 1) assess the health literacy of elderly patients with hypertension in Ban Prok Subdistrict, Mueang Samut Songkhram District, Samut Songkhram Province, and 2 ) identify the factors associated with their health literacy. The study sample comprised 215 elderly patients with hypertension in Ban Prok Subdistrict, Mueang Samut Songkhram District, Samut Songkhram Province . Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including percentages, means, and standard deviations, as well as chi- square tests to examine relationships. The findings revealed that most respondents were female ( 60. 50%) , while males accounted for 39 . 50 percent. The majority of participants were aged between 71 and 80 years ( 44. 60%). Regarding marital status, most were married ( 56. 70%) , and 66 . 00% had completed primary education . Most respondents ( 64. 20%) were unemployed, with an average monthly income of less than 1,500 THB reported by 59 . 50 percent. Regarding health conditions, most participants weighed 56-65 kilograms (33.50%) and were 151-160 centimeters tall (40.90%). A family history of hypertension was reported by 60.00 percent of participants, and all participants ( 100. 00%) had chronic diseases . The most recent average blood pressure reading was 131-150 mmHg (47.90%) , and 80.00% had been diagnosed with hypertension for 1 - 10 years . The health literacy assessment indicated that most participants (50.21%) had good health literacy levels. The analysis of the relationships between personal factors and health literacy revealed that age, income , and duration of illness were significantly associated with health literacy at the 0.05 level. Conversely, gender, marital status, education level, occupation, and heredity were not significantly associated with health literacy at the 0.05 level.

Knowledge, Attitudes and Preventive Behaviors toward Unintended Pregnancy among Female Students at Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Samut Songkhram Campus

2026-03-21T14:52:13+07:00

This cross - sectional descriptive study investigated the knowledge, attitudes, and pregnancy prevention behaviors of 1,064 female students at Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Samut Songkhram Campus . Data were collected using a content - validated and reliability - tested questionnaire. The results indicated that students demonstrated a moderate level of knowledge regarding pregnancy prevention ( mean = 0. 81) alongside generally positive attitudes. Nevertheless, notable gaps in preventive behaviors remained, with the majority exhibiting only moderate levels of pregnancy prevention practices ( 69. 50%). Pearson' s correlation analysis revealed statistically significant yet weak negative associ ations between knowledge and pregnancy prevention behaviors (r = -0.15, p < .05), as well as between attitudes and behaviors (r = -0.07, p < .05). These findings underscore the need to strengthen comprehensive reproductive health education and to develop evidence- based counseling interventions aimed at improving the consistency and accuracy of pregnancy prevention behaviors among university students.

Muntingia calabura L. (Muntingiaceae) bark hydroalcoholic extract: organoleptic, fluorescent, qualitative, quantitative, and biological validity

2026-03-21T14:54:41+07:00

A wild herb known as kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) is utilised both medicinally and as food. It contains a lot of phytochemicals, particularly the antioxidant -producing phenolic group . Screening for phytochemicals and determining their biological assessment are essential . This investigation aimed to assess the anthelmintic, phytochemical, and pharmacognostic characteristics of hydroalcoholic extract from cherry bark . Flavonoids, tannins, steroids, and saponins were found in the extract. Above-mentioned anthelmintic activity was evaluated using earthworms. Albendazole, a common anthelmintic, was employed as a positive control . Tannins, steroids, and flavonoids are examp les of phytochemicals that may contribute to the extract's anthelmintic effect.

Management and format of recreational activities for the elderly of local administrative organizations in the lower central region of Thailand

2026-03-21T14:57:07+07:00

The purpose of this research was to study management and format of recreational activities for the elderly of local administrative organizations in the lower central region of Thailand . This cross -sectional study included 420 recreational activity organizers who had managed recreational activities in the lower central reg ion, Thailand . Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings from the study conducted across 14 provinces within the designated research area indicate that the frequency of organizing recreational activi ties across 11 activity categories varies substantially, ranging from 2 .8 to 85.6 times per year. The category with the highest frequency of organization is sports and exercise activities, held 85 .6 times per year, while the least frequently organized activities are drama and film, occurring only 2.8 times per year. This implies that sports and exercise activities are conducted, on average, 14 times per month, or approximately 3 -4 times per week . In contrast, drama and film activities are arranged on an occasional basis, typically in connection with local festivals.

Development of an Active Game Aimed at Promoting Arm Exercise in Older Adults: An Expert Assessment of Appropriateness

2026-03-21T15:00:15+07:00

Thailand' s rapidly aging population has led to increased concerns regarding sedentary behavior, limited physical activity, and restricted access to rehabilitation among older adults . To address these issues, this study developed an active game designed to promote upper- body exercise through AI-based color-detection and pose-analysis technology, allowing older adults to perform safe and engaging arm exercises at home without the need for complex equipment. The research aimed to (1) develop the active game, (2) evaluate its usability and appropriateness, and ( 3) assess expert perceptions of game design, exercise safety, and motion - tracking performance. The system underwent expert evaluation by two groups: five Game Development Experts and five Exercise and Health Experts . Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics ( Mean ± SD). Results showed high levels of agreement from game experts, with particul arly strong ratings for Safety & Physical Appropriateness ( 4. 8 ± 0 . 40) and Usability & Interface Design (4.7 ± 0.45). Exercise and health experts also provided favorable evaluations, especially for Exercise Safety ( 4. 0 ± 0. 08) and Alignment with Health & Fitness Objectives ( 4. 0 ± 0. 05) . Overall, findings indicate that the developed active game is safe, usable, motivating, and suitable for promoting arm exercise in older adults . The system demonstrates potential as an accessible digital tool to reduce sedentary behavior and support active aging.

Antimicrobial Activity of Oenanthe javanica Seed Extract: An In Vitro Study

2026-03-21T15:03:57+07:00

Water dropwort fruit (Oenanthe javanica (Blume) DC.), locally known as "Phak Chi Lom," is a renowned medicinal herb with a long history of traditional use, primarily for its gastrointestinal benefits. Its properties include relieving dizziness, soothing hiccups, suppressing nausea and vomiting, supporting digestion, and alleviating uncomfortable flatulence and bloating . Given the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and the high cost associated with treating recurring bacterial infections, investigating natural sources for new antimicrobial agents is critical. This study aimed to evalu ate the antimicrobial inhibitory efficacy of the O. javanica extract against four selected microbial strains using the Agar Disc Diffusion Assay. The extract consistently showed the most potent inhibitory effect against the Gram -positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis, yielding inhibition zones of 11.00±2.646 mm at 400 mg/ml and 12.00±0.577 mm at 200 mg /ml. The extract was effective against three of the four tested strains (S. aureus, B. subtilis, and P. aeruginosa) at high concentrations . However, the extract at all three tested concentrations failed to inhibit Escherichia coli, and at 100 mg /ml, its activity was strongly favored towards Gram-positive bacteria. The findings confirm the traditional usage and provide preliminary scientific justification for developing the extract into a natural antimicrobial agent to help address public health concerns.

Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content of the Crude Extract from Hibiscus sabdariffa L

2026-03-21T15:07:45+07:00

Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.; HS) is a widely utilized Thai medicinal plant with a long history of therapeutic use, and it is included in the National List of Essential Herbal Medicines . This inclusion highlights its significance in traditional Thai medical wisdom . The objective of this research was t o investigate the antioxidant activity and analyze the total phenolic content of various Roselle parts: the calyx, leaves, and stems. Samples of each plant part, weighing 300 g, were extracted using 95% ethanol and evaporated to dryness using a rotary evaporator to obtain crude extracts for subsequent chemical and biological analysis . Antioxidant activity results showed that the leaf extract exhibited the highest potential, with an IC50 value of 0. 07 mg/ mL. This was followed by the calyx (IC50 = 0.18 mg/mL) and the stem (IC50 = 0.19 mg/mL). The standard antioxidant BHT showed an IC 50 value of 0 . 01 mg / mL. Regarding the total phenolic content, the leaf and stem extracts contained the highest phenolic levels, both registering 50 . 52 ± 0 . 003 mg GAE / mg of dry extract. The calyx followed, with a value of 40. 52 ± 0. 003 mg GAE/ mg of dry extract. This study successfully demonstrates the outstanding antioxidant potential and high phenolic content of Roselle. These findings provide crucial scientific evidence to sup port the development of cosmeceutical products, skin - rejuvenating formulations, and serve as a foundation for further development of traditional Thai medicinal preparations and future pharmaceutical products.

Comparative study of essential oils extracted from young and ripe pomelo (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.) peels by steam distillation

2026-03-21T15:12:31+07:00

This study investigated the essential oil yield and chemical composition of young and ripe pomelo (Citrus maxima) peels prepared in different physical forms . Using steam distillation and GC-MS analysis, the research found that ripe peels produced higher oil yields, while young peels showed consistently high purity of D-limonene. The chemical profiles of ripe peels were more diverse, containing additional monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes . These results demonstrate the potential of pomelo peel by -products for value-added applications in natural product industries. The results showed that ripe pomelo peels consistently produced higher essential oil yields than young peels across all preparation methods . The highest yield (24 mL/300 g) was obtained from ripe dried and finely ground peels, while the lowest (3 mL/300 g) was recorded in young large fresh pieces . GC-MS analysis revealed that D -limonene was the predominant volatile compound in all samples, with relative abundances ranging from 62.07% to 100%. Young peels exhibited a simpler chemical profile characterized by high limonene purity, whereas ripe peels demonstrated greater chemical diversity, including β-myrcene, α-pinene, α-phellandrene, linalool, and other oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. Furthermore, storing ground peels for one day, even under refrigeration, resulted in a noticeable reduction in essential oil yield due to volatilization and oxidation. These findings indicate that fruit maturity and physical preparation significantly influence essential oil characteristics. Young pomelo peels are suitable for producing high-limonene oils, whereas ripe peels provide more complex aromatic profiles . Overall, the study supports the value-added utilization of pomelo by -products and provides essential information for optimizing extraction processes in cosmetic, aromatherapy, and natural product applications.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Cassia alata L. in Human Keratinocytes

2026-03-21T15:17:23+07:00

This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity, and anti -inflammatory effects of Cassia alata L. leaf extract in human keratinocyte (HaCaT). Cytotoxicity determined by the resazurin assay revealed that the extract exhibited low toxicity at concentrations below 100 µg/mL, with cell viability remaining above 80-90%. Antioxidant evaluation using the DPPH assay demonstrated moderate radical scavenging activity, with an IC 50 value of 77.95 µg/mL. The anti-inflammatory effects assessed through the nitric oxide assay, expressed as normalized % of LPS, indicated that the 12.5 µg/mL extract significantly inhibited LPS-induced nitric oxide production, reducing nitrite levels to approximately 0 -5% of LPS, comparable to dexamethasone (100 nM ). The 25 µg /mL extract also significantly reduced NO production, although to a lesser extent. These findings suggest that C. alata leaf extract possesses promising anti-inflammatory potential with acceptable cellular safety pro files, supporting its application in anti-inflammatory herbal preparations or skin-related cosmeceutical formulations.

A Survey on Satisfaction with Financial and Accounting Management at the College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, in 2025

2026-03-21T15:19:43+07:00

This study investigated staff satisfaction with financial and accounting management at the College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University . Recognizing that effective financial administration is fundamental to institutional stability and organizational performance, the College implemented a Routine to Research (R2R) initiative to evaluate the efficiency, transparency, and accountability of its financial system. A quantitative descriptive research design was adopted, utilizing a question naire that assessed four key dimensions : Service Process, Service Personnel, Tangibles and Accessibility, and Service Outcomes. Data were collected in 202 5 from 60 academic and support staff who regularly engaged with the College' s Finance and Accounting Division . Descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, were employed for analysis . The results indicated that overall satisfaction across all dimensions was rated at the highest level (X̄ = 4.60). Among the four dimensions, Service Personnel received the highest rating ( X̄ = 4. 66) , followed by Service Outcomes (X̄ = 4.64), Tangibles and Accessibility (X̄ = 4.59), and Service Process (X̄ = 4. 52) . Respondents particularly appreciated the profe ssionalism, responsiveness, and courtesy of staff, as well as the clarity of procedures and accessibility of digital service systems. These findings demonstrate that the College ' s financial and accounting management system operates efficiently, prioritizes user satisfaction, and adheres to the principles of good governance, thereby promoting transparency, operational excellence, and sustainable institutional development.

Satisfaction Survey on the Journal of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, in 2025

2026-03-21T15:21:53+07:00

This study aimed to examine and assess stakeholder satisfaction with the Journal of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, focusing on the article submission and review process, the timeliness of editorial feedback, publication quality, and academic credibility. A quantitative descriptive research design was employed and conducted at the College of Allied Heal th Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Samut Songkhram Campus, between January and August 2025 . The study sample consisted of 100 participants, including authors and readers of the journal . Data were collected using a structured questionnaire comprising three sections and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings indicated that overall satisfaction with the journal was high, with an average mean score of 3.80. Across specific dimensions, including content quality (mean = 3.81), design and layout (mean = 3.80), and practical usefulness (mean = 3.77), satisfaction levels were consistently high. Feedback from respondents was used to enhance the journal 's operational processes, particularly in manuscript management, peer -review communication, and layout design, resulting in greater efficiency and transparency . The study underscores the importance of continuous improvement in editorial management and demonstrates that systematic stakeholder evaluation is vital to sustaining the journal 's academi c excellence, credibility, and high publication standards.

A Study Of Participation In The Strategic Planning Of The Personnel Of The College Of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University

2026-03-21T15:24:06+07:00

The research, titled “A Study of Participation in the Strategic Planning of the Personnel of the College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University,” aimed to (1) examine the levels of knowledge and understanding, attitudes toward participation, organizational behavior, and involvement in strategic planning among the personnel of the College of Allied Health Sciences. (2) Analyze the statistical correlations among knowledge and understanding, attitudes towards participation, organizational behavior, and involvement in strategic planning; and ( 3) forecast employees' engagement in strategic planning based on their knowledge, attitudes, and organizational conduct . They were chosen through proportional stratified sampling to make up a group of 60 people. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, as well as multiple regression analysis, were used in the study . The findings indicated that ( 1) it is necessary to examine the levels of various factors . The highest score overall was for knowledge and understanding of strategic planning. These results indicated that people were most likely to want to take part in strategic planning. Organizational behavior, rated the best in all areas, also received the highest overall score for participation in strategic planning . ( 2) The correlation and regression analyses demonstrated that organizational behavior exhibited the most significant positive relationship with participation. ( 3) The results of the multiple regression analysis indicated th at the strongest predictor of participation was organizational behavior (β = .467, p = .000). Knowledge and understanding came in second (β = .259, p = .034). On the other hand, attitude (β = .189, p = .057) was not a strong predictor of participation . Consequently, recommendations for future research should focus on promoting supportive leadership behaviors in the workplace and effectively communicating the vision necessary for collaboration, maintenance, and enhancement.

The Influence of Human Resource Development on the Working Performance of Personnel at the College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Samut Songkhram Campus

2026-03-21T15:26:00+07:00

This research aimed to ( 1) investigate the demographic characteristics of the personnel at the College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University , Samut Songkhram Campus, and (2) examine the three factors of human resource development (HRD) among these employees. The study utilized a stratified random sampling method to collect data from a sample of 78 personnel . The analysis involved descriptive statistics ( frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation), inferential statistics (t-test and One-Way ANOVA), and Simple Regression. The findings revealed that demographic factors such as gender, age, education level, position, and work experience did not significantly affect job performance, though salary did show a statistically significant influence . Furthermore, all three HRD factors - Training, Education, and Development- were found to significantly influence job performance . The results provide valuable information for future HRD strategies within the college

Assessment of Patient Satisfaction at the Thai Traditional and Integrative Medicine Hospital, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Thailand

2026-03-21T15:28:45+07:00

This study evaluated patient satisfaction with services provided at the Thai Traditional and Integrative Medicine Hospital, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University. A quantitative survey was conducted among 100 service recipients using a structured online questionnaire . Descriptive statistics were used to analyze overall satisfaction, satisfaction with operational systems, and satisfaction with therapeutic services. The results indicated that overall patient satisfaction was at the highest level ( Mean = 4. 71). Satisfaction with services received - including herbal steam, massage, and other therapeutic modalities-was slightly higher (Mean = 4.72) compared to the operational system dimension ( Mean = 4. 70) . Herbal Steam, Massage with Herbal Compress, and Thai Herbal Burning Therapy received the highest scores, reflecting strong acceptance of traditional therapeutic interventions. Operational units such as Finance and Pharma cy achieved the highest satisfaction ratings, whereas the Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Examination Room received comparatively lower scores due to workflow congestion and waiting-time delays. The findings highlight the strong performance of therapeutic services and support units, while also identifying bottlenecks related to patient flow and staff availability during peak hours. To enhance service responsiveness, the study recommends strategic manpower allocation and the integration of digital pre-screening tools to expedite the history-taking process. Strengthening these operational elements, alongside maintaining the hospital's high-quality therapeutic care, will further elevate the overall pa tient experience and reinforce service quality in traditional and integrative medicine settings.

Quality of service of the Dean's Office, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University

2026-03-21T15:30:39+07:00

This research, a study on the service quality of the Dean ' s Office, College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, aimed to: 1) assess the level of service quality of the Dean's Office; 2) study the characteristics of the service recipients ; and 3) compare the service quality levels based on personnel type, experience, and perception of information. The population comprised 60 personnel from the College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University . The sample group consisted of 53 individuals, which was obtained through proportional stratified random sampling. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire. Statistical analyses included frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Independent Samples t-test, and One-Way ANOVA. The research findings indicated that the overall service quality of the Dean ' s Office, College of Allied Health Sciences, was at a good level ( Mean = 4. 25) . When considering individual dimensions, the highest- rated aspect was Assurance ( Mean = 4. 44) , followed by Empathy (Mean = 4.31). The lowest-rated aspect was Reliability (Mean = 4.09). Hypothesis testing revealed a statistically significant difference ( p < . 05) in the opinions on service quality between academic staff and support staff. The results of this research can be utilized as baseline data for planning and developing service processes to enhance future efficiency.