Development of an Active Game Aimed at Promoting Arm Exercise in Older Adults: An Expert Assessment of Appropriateness

Abstract

Thailand' s rapidly aging population has led to increased concerns regarding sedentary behavior, limited physical activity, and restricted access to rehabilitation among older adults . To address these issues, this study developed an active game designed to promote upper- body exercise through AI-based color-detection and pose-analysis technology, allowing older adults to perform safe and engaging arm exercises at home without the need for complex equipment. The research aimed to (1) develop the active game, (2) evaluate its usability and appropriateness, and ( 3) assess expert perceptions of game design, exercise safety, and motion - tracking performance. The system underwent expert evaluation by two groups: five Game Development Experts and five Exercise and Health Experts . Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics ( Mean ± SD). Results showed high levels of agreement from game experts, with particul arly strong ratings for Safety & Physical Appropriateness ( 4. 8 ± 0 . 40) and Usability & Interface Design (4.7 ± 0.45). Exercise and health experts also provided favorable evaluations, especially for Exercise Safety ( 4. 0 ± 0. 08) and Alignment with Health & Fitness Objectives ( 4. 0 ± 0. 05) . Overall, findings indicate that the developed active game is safe, usable, motivating, and suitable for promoting arm exercise in older adults . The system demonstrates potential as an accessible digital tool to reduce sedentary behavior and support active aging.