Phytochemical Constituents and Antioxidant Potential of the Flower Extract of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza

Suwadee  Chokchaisiri; Krondanai  Aunjai; Piyathida  Phatthanaphong; Panupan  Sripan

Suwadee Chokchaisiri Department of Cannabis Health Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Samut Songkhram 75000, Thailand
Krondanai Aunjai Department of Cannabis Health Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Samut Songkhram 75000, Thailand
Piyathida Phatthanaphong Department of Cannabis Health Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Samut Songkhram 75000, Thailand
Panupan Sripan Department of Cannabis Health Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Samut Songkhram 75000, Thailand

Keywords: Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Antioxidant, Phytochemical

Abstract

This study investigated the phytochemical composition and antioxidant potential of sequential solvent extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) obtained from the flowers of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza. The methanol extract yielded the highest amount of crude material, reflecting the abundance of polar constituents, whereas the ethyl acetate and hexane extracts produced substantially lower yields. GC-MS analysis revealed diverse chemical profiles across the three fractions, including sugars, furans, terpenoids, sterols, long - chain hydrocarbons, and several unidentified compounds, particularly in the semi-polar and polar extracts. Antioxidant activity assessed using DPPH and ABTS assays demonstrated a clear pol arity- dependent trend: the methanol extract exhibited the strongest radical-scavenging activity (IC₅₀ = 52.25 ± 0.35 and 28.07 ± 0.85 µg/mL), followed by the ethyl acetate extract, whereas the hexane extract showed minimal activity . These findings highligh t B. gymnorrhiza flowers as a promising natural source of antioxidant compounds, especially within the methanol fraction, and suggest that further structural elucidation of the unidentified metabolites could reveal additional bioactive molecules with potential therapeutic value.