GC-MS-Based Phytochemical Profiling and Antioxidant Activity of Tecoma stans Flowers

Utumporn  Ngivprom; Rawipon  Absoongnern; Aekkanat  Prapawit; Chanaphol  Sangthaothian; Suwadee  Chokchaisiri

Utumporn Ngivprom Department of Cannabis Health Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Samut Songkhram 75000, Thailand;
Rawipon Absoongnern Department of Cannabis Health Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Samut Songkhram 75000, Thailand;
Aekkanat Prapawit Department of Cannabis Health Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Samut Songkhram 75000, Thailand;
Chanaphol Sangthaothian Department of Cannabis Health Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Samut Songkhram 75000, Thailand;
Suwadee Chokchaisiri Department of Cannabis Health Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Samut Songkhram 75000, Thailand;

Keywords: Tecoma stans flowers, Phytochemical, Antioxidant

Abstract

This study analyzed the chemical constituents of Tecoma stans flower extracts using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and evaluated their antioxidant activity via DPPH and ABTS assays . Dried flowers were extracted with solvents of different polarities : hexane (TS-F-Hex), ethyl acetate (TS-F-EtOAc), and methanol (TS-F-MeOH). The methanol extract, the most polar solvent, gave the highest yield (52.75%). GC-MS analysis showed that methanol extract contained major polar compounds, including Glyceraldehyde, γ -Sitosterol, Stigmasterol, Dihydroxyacetone, and Vitamin E. Ethyl acetate extract contained Hydroxy-4,3'- dimethyl-bicyclohexyl-3,3'-dien-2-one, Cyclobut anecarboxylic acid decyl ester, and 2 - Cyclohexyl-hexan-2-ol, while hexane extract, a non -polar solvent, contained Pentacosane, Tetracontane, Tetradecanoic acid hexadecyl ester, and D -Limonene. Antioxidant tests showed that methanol extract had the highest activity in the DPPH assay (IC50 = 620.54 µg/mL), while ethyl acetate extract showed the highest activity in the ABTS assay (IC50 = 293.50 µg /mL). Hexane extract had the lowest activity (IC50 > 1000 µg /mL). Although all extracts were less active than Trolox (DPPH IC50 = 6.65 ± 0.12 µg/mL; ABTS IC50 = 7.87 ± 0.11 µg/mL), the results indicate that most active compounds are in polar extracts, especially methanol . These extracts could be further explored as sources of bioactive compounds for pharmaceutical s, dietary supplements, and related applications.