Development, Stability Serum and Bio-Efficacy Evaluation of Garcinia mangostana L. Pericarp Extract

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to create a new cosmetics serum formulated from mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) pericarp extract for beauty product purposes. Methods: Mangosteen pericarp was extracted with ethanol (1:10), extract were analyzed for total phenolic content and antioxidant assay using DPPH method . The composition of the serum was 1.5% ( w/w) extract, 5 % propylene glycol, 0 .8% hydroxyethyl cellulose, 0 .1% Glydant in water and the balance distilled water and /or disodium EDTA at 0 .1%. Complete testing encompassed physicochemical parameters, stability analysis. Results: The consistency of all six formulations was clear and smooth with a pH range of 4.44- 4.83 compatible for dermal administration . The serum successfully passed 5 freeze-thaw cycles, showing high stability . Biological efficacy tests indicated furthermore exceptional antioxidant activity (EC₅₀ = 0.05 ± 0.00 mg/mL), showing 0.2 times more potency than Vitamin C. The elastase inhibition activity (IC₅₀ = 0.913 ± 0.011 mg/mL) showed significant anti-aging potential by blocking elastin degradation. Conclusion: The serum containing mangosteen pericarp extract shows stability and extraordinary antioxidant and anti -aging activity, making it a candidate for potential commercial cosmetics development, especially for anti-aging and skin care products. The study advances the circular economy and supports sustainable development by converting waste streams from agriculture to innovative higher-value products.